[138], Defectors claimed that Kim had 17 different palaces and residences all over North Korea, including a private resort near Baekdu Mountain, a seaside lodge in the city of Wonsan, and Ryongsong Residence, a palace complex northeast of Pyongyang surrounded with multiple fence lines, bunkers and anti-aircraft batteries. It cited Chinese sources which claimed that one cause for the stroke could have been stress brought about by the United States delay to remove North Korea from its list of state sponsors of terrorism. [29] A North Korean agent, Kim Hyon Hui, confessed to planting a bomb in the case of the second, saying the operation was ordered by Kim personally.[30]. The anniversary of the Workers' Party means North Korea "has a political and strategic need to do something bigger", said Sung-yoon Lee, a Korean studies professor at Tufts University in the United States. Kim's first wife, Hong Il-chon, was the daughter of a martyr who died during the Korean War. [100] Prior to his death, it had been reported that Kim was expected to officially designate the son as his successor in 2012. Kim Jong-un, the youngest son of the leader Kim Jong-il, has been chosen as the future leader of this closed and secretive state. Nuclear-armed North Korea appears to have held a giant military parade early Saturday, Seoul said, with Pyongyang's latest and most advanced weapons expected to have been on show in the coronavirus-barricaded country's capital. [134], Kim reportedly enjoyed basketball. In 1992, Kim made his first public speech during a military parade for the KPA's 60th anniversary and said:[31] "Glory to the officers and soldiers of the heroic Korean People's Army!". [121], Like his father, Kim had a fear of flying[122] and always travelled by private armored train for state visits to Russia and China. Kim Il-sung's policy of Juche (self-reliance) cut the country off from almost all external trade, even with its traditional partners, the Soviet Union and China. Kim kept both the relationship and the child a secret (even from his father) until he ascended to power in 1994. [139], The evaluation found that Kim appeared to pride himself on North Korea's independence, despite the extreme hardships it appears to place on the North Korean people – an attribute appearing to emanate from his antisocial personality pattern. [111] The two were estranged for some years before Kim's death. In late August North Korea's official news agency reported the government would "consider soon a step to restore the nuclear facilities in Nyongbyon to their original state as strongly requested by its relevant institutions". [17][18] This is contested by foreign academics, who believe he is more likely to have received his early education in the People's Republic of China as a precaution to ensure his safety during the Korean War. On 24 December 1991, Kim was also named Supreme Commander of the Korean People's Army. [101], On 9 April 2009, Kim was re-elected as chairman of the National Defence Commission[102] and made an appearance at the Supreme People's Assembly. The following year witnessed a total of more than 600 events of diverse forms in at least 130 countries and regions. "[148], Kim's funeral took place on 28 December in Pyongyang, with a mourning period lasting until the following day. if(typeof utag_data.ads.fb_pixel!=="undefined"&&utag_data.ads.fb_pixel==!0){!function(f,b,e,v,n,t,s){if(f.fbq)return;n=f.fbq=function(){n.callMethod?n.callMethod.apply(n,arguments):n.queue.push(arguments)};if(!f._fbq)f._fbq=n;n.push=n;n.loaded=!0;n.version='2.0';n.queue=[];t=b.createElement(e);t.async=!0;t.src=v;s=b.getElementsByTagName(e)[0];s.parentNode.insertBefore(t,s)}(window,document,'script','https://connect.facebook.net/en_US/fbevents.js');fbq('init','568781449942811');fbq('track','PageView')}. Kim Jong-il 65th birthday quiz. [171] He also wrote song lyrics. After the visit to Russia, Kim appeared in a military parade in Pyongyang on 9 September, accompanied by Kim Jong-un.

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