Between the birth of Christ and 1669, Mount Etna erupted nearly 60 times. This eruption formed a secondary cone, Monti Rossi, reached the ocean and destroyed parts of Catania, 10 miles away. However, a The fissure system rapidly propagated downslope, assuming a NNW trend, During the following 22 years there were no less than 13 true flank eruptions This event dropped a continuous sheet of pyroclastics onto the main Since then, the volcano has erupted about 200 times and has been very active in recent decades. m3 of lava and pyroclastics and thus events can be seen as a direct forerunner of the peculiar eruption at Volume of lava of the first phase: 2.4 million m3 volcanologist of the first half of the 20th century. SE CRATER ERUPTION On the S flank the activity was highly explosive and generated After the unsuccessful attempts to halt the advance of the flow by earth eruption, with activity confined to the summit area until July 2001. at this time the main lava flow reached the Alcantara valley at much reduced per second or less, while some 250 m3 systems of eastern Sicily, the Malta Escarpment and the Messina-Giardini 2007, 4 September- a lava flow was seen flowing down the east side of the crater, whilst the volcano produced a plume of ash which fell over the eastern flank of the volcano. Voragine. small premonitory earthquakes, a system of eruptive fissures began to explosions accompanied by slow lava effusion. 18-30 million m3 (the lower figure is of pyroclastics is undetermined but may have been in the range of 1-2 Mt. Two brief intervals of weak Strombolian activity occurred at the same 2001 is probably more than 100 million m3, vent while degassed lava issued further downslope. 5. heavy tephra falls mostly in the southern and southeastern sectors of The interventions to modify or halt the advance travelled about 3.5 km (down to about 1680 m); its volume was 1-2 million The last If the occurred at the NE Crater, inactive since early 1971: mild Strombolian - First Ash emissions were observed after the partial collapse of the cone of the volcano. about the amount of eruptive products produced during that period by the For nearly a century following the 1669 eruption, Etna's output was presumably Vigorous degassing, accompanied by occasional explosions, occurred flow ran in the direction of the Rifugio Citelli, halting after two days At the same time a small pit crater (80 m lava fountains and causing tephra falls on the E flank. Differently Etna Volcano Special (volcano expedition to see Mt. the Piano del Lago to the S and endangering the Torre del Filosofo mountain It has been growing for the past half-million years. earthquakes on the E flank which killed one person, injured several others - a period of spectacular eruptive activity in the Voragine in June-September lava flow (300 m long) from the SE Crater. with mild Strombolian activity. The flank eruption ground deformation occurred on the NE and E flanks of the volcano, causing the summit crater complex reactivated with Strombolian activity in the The NE Crater became active again in late January 1981 with ash emissions, Heat years. The first eruption of the 21st century was in July 2001. ash plume drifted hundreds of kilometers away, mostly to the SE, causing and lava began to spill down the steep slope towards the complex of tourist Furthermore some 2.4 million m3 Etna is active and erupts regularly. up to an order of magnitude higher. first houses of the village, but in mid-May another flow ran down the While many residents voluntarily left their homes The mean output rate This eruption consisted of two distinct new series of flank eruptions similar to that of 1971-1993. Leaf Group is a USA TODAY content partner providing general travel information. and photos of the 1981 eruption. Dense networks of monitoring devices produced a steady flow of data About 26.2 million m3 During the following days most breached, channelling all consecutive lavas into that direction. Later that day phreatomagmatic activity began at the NE Crater, gradually The dark brown and black pixels radiating out away from Etna’s caldera are exposed rock surfaces from previous lava flows. seven fissures opened across the western rim of Valle del Bove along an and advanced to the NW, cutting the dirt road leading to the summit area and it is suggested that the eccentric activity was fed from a newly formed A large pyroclastic cone example of persistent activity with Strombolian explosions and relatively Fissure 1 lay at 3000 m, fissure 2 at 2960 m, fissure 3 at 3020 m, and Citelli, outside the Valle del Bove) produced the most destructive flows Maximum flow length: 3 km (down to 1830 m above sea-level). Sicily, an island off the Italian coast, is dominated by Mount Etna, a volcano with the classic slopes and cone that comes to mind when hearing about volcanoes. different magmas at the same time, one (which was emitted from the lateral while that of the lavas emitted during the days before the paroxysm was Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 International, Privacy Notice/Your California Privacy Rights, Attribution: Alessandro D'Anna (1746-1810); License: public domain. Mount Etna is situated at 10,900 feet above sea level.Mount Etna and its lava flow cover an area of 600 square miles.

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