The outermost layer of the atmosphere contains crystals of frozen ammonia. The merged feature was named Oval BA, and has been nicknamed Red Spot Junior. More recent discoveries include the following: Solar System → Local Interstellar Cloud → Local Bubble → Gould Belt → Orion Arm → Milky Way → Milky Way subgroup → Local Group → Local Sheet → Virgo Supercluster → Laniakea Supercluster → Observable universe → UniverseEach arrow (→) may be read as "within" or "part of". [168] Jupiter is the only body in the Solar System for which this is true. [76] The oval object rotates counterclockwise, with a period of about six days. [53][54][55], Above the layer of metallic hydrogen lies a transparent interior atmosphere of hydrogen. [173] Jupiter experiences about 200 times more asteroid and comet impacts than Earth. [65] The zones have been observed to vary in width, color and intensity from year to year, but they have remained sufficiently stable for scientists to give them identifying designations. This site is maintained by the Planetary Science Communications team at, Infrared Hotspots in a Monster Saturn Storm, What's Up: April 2019 Skywatching from NASA, Diagnosing Saturn's Magnetic Pulse ... and the Beat Goes On, What's Up: May 2019 Skywatching from NASA, NASA's OSIRIS-REx Unlocks More Secrets from Asteroid Bennu, NASA's Perseverance Rover Will Peer Beneath Mars' Surface, New Look at Sunspots Helps Scientists Understand Life Around Other Stars, Meet the People Behind the Sentinel-6 Michael Freilich Spacecraft, NASA's James Webb Space Telescope Completes Key Tests, NASA's TESS Creates a Cosmic Vista of the Northern Sky. Enhanced-color image of Jupiter’s Great Red Spot as seen by Juno. [131][132] Flights to other planets within the Solar System are accomplished at a cost in energy, which is described by the net change in velocity of the spacecraft, or delta-v. NASA's Voyager 2 spacecraft gave humanity its first glimpse of Neptune and its moon Triton in the summer of 1989. in the solar wind. She studied journalism at Douglass College, Rutgers University, and earned a Graduate Certificate of Science from Swinburne University’s Astronomy Online program. This page was last edited on 10 October 2020, at 01:53. Interactions between charged particles generated from Io and the planet's strong magnetic field likely resulted in redistribution of heat flow, forming the Spot. Site Manager: The thickness of the field lines is a measure of the local magnetic field strength. [37][59] Rainfalls of diamonds have been suggested to occur, as well as on Saturn[60] and the ice giants Uranus and Neptune. Juno scientist Kimee Moore of Harvard University suspects this one magnetic “hot spot” could be responsible for all magnetic field changes within the planet. Surrounding Jupiter's magnetosphere is a magnetopause, located at the inner edge of a magnetosheath—a region between it and the bow shock. It was recorded as fading again in 1883 and at the start of the 20th century. the charged particles responsible for Jupiter's auroras must Since 1973, a number of automated spacecraft have visited Jupiter, most notably the Pioneer 10 space probe, the first spacecraft to get close enough to Jupiter to send back revelations about the properties and phenomena of the Solar System's largest planet. [63][64] Because Jupiter has no surface, the base of its atmosphere is usually considered to be the point at which atmospheric pressure is equal to 100 kPa (1.0 bar). Thermal radiation is produced by heat in the atmosphere of Jupiter. 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