Hole, Frank., A Reassessment of the Neolithic Revolution, Paléorient, Volume 10, Issue 10-2, pp. When the weather proved unsuitable for one set of species it was likely to benefit another, vastly reducing the risk of famine. Ubaid culture from 6,900 BC. Scientists have discovered archaeological remnants of Stone Age rice paddies in Chinese swamps dating back at least 7,700 years. Volume 6, Number 2 / September 2007, Hillman, G. C. and M. S. 447–477, This page was last edited on 7 October 2020, at 18:11. BC." [citation needed], The major advance of Neolithic 1 was true farming. The Neolithic (/ˌniːoʊˈlɪθɪk/ (listen),[1] also known as the "New Stone Age"), the final division of the Stone Age, began about 12,000 years ago when the first developments of farming appeared in the Epipalaeolithic Near East, and later in other parts of the world. The earliest known civilization developed in Sumer in southern Mesopotamia (c.  6,500 BP); its emergence also heralded the beginning of the Bronze Age.[6]. From African hominins of 2 million years ...read more, The Russian Revolution of 1917 was one of the most explosive political events of the twentieth century. Map of the spread of Neolithic farming cultures from the Near-East to Europe, with dates. Hopf, Maria., "Jericho plant remains" in Kathleen M. Kenyon and T. A. Holland (eds.) In contrast to the Neolithic in other parts of the world, which saw the development of farming societies, the first form of African food production was mobile pastoralism,[30][31] or ways of life centered on the herding and management of livestock. However, when the stars were in alignment – weather favourable, pests subdued, soils still packed with nutrients – agriculture was very much more productive than hunting and gathering. 2, August 1976: "With the benefit of hindsight we can now see that many Late Paleolithic peoples in the Old World were poised on the brink of plant cultivation and animal husbandry as an alternative to the hunter-gatherer's way of life". Periodization: Near East: 4500–3300 BC; Europe: 3000–1700 BC; Elsewhere: varies greatly, depending on region. [101], The dispersal of Neolithic culture from the Middle East has recently been associated with the distribution of human genetic markers. The first farm animals also included sheep and cattle. On the African continent, three areas have been identified as independently developing agriculture: the Ethiopian highlands, the Sahel and West Africa. Ancient European Neolithic farmers were genetically closest to modern Near-Eastern/ Anatolian populations. They are claimed to belong to a population different from that which built the previous megalithic temples. Neolithic technologies also spread eastward to the Indus River valley of India by 5000 BCE. The Neolithic overlaps the Mesolithic and Bronze Age periods in Europe as cultural changes moved from the southeast to northwest at about 1 km/year – this is called the Neolithic Expansion. In contrast, Neolithic farmers assumed full responsibility for “making” their environments provident. 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During this period, French citizens razed and redesigned their country’s political landscape, uprooting centuries-old ...read more, The Glorious Revolution, also called “The Revolution of 1688” and “The Bloodless Revolution,” took place from 1688 to 1689 in England.

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